Would a North-South Free Trade Agreement Hurt Unskilled Labor in the North?

I present a simple model to examine the impact of international outsourcing on the welfare of skilled and unskilled labor. In this model, specialized business services are to facilitate manufacturing production, creating additional welfare gains in the presence of positive production externalities. Policies that favor the business service sector contribute to the development of a larger bundle of specialized business services, generating more welfare gains to not only skilled but also unskilled labor. Thus, a country’s unskilled labor is not necessarily worse off with open trade if the country is prosperous in business service provisions.     

农村土地承包合同法律性质探析

农村土地承包合同是在我国农村土地集体所有的制度框架内,对我国农民土地权利实现的保障,是设立农村土地承包经营权的重要依据。但在我国理论界对农村土地承包合同的法律性质存在行政合同说、民事合同说和经济合同说的分歧,这种状况在司法实践中已经造成了诸多不利影响。因此,应当对我国农村土地承包合同性质进行界定,并通过完善相关的法律制度设计,来保障农民的合法权益。     

一种基于移动公网的安全专网认证与密钥协商方案

针对移动公网保障端到端安全的不足,提出了一种基于改进的Diffie-Hellman密钥交换协议机制的安全专网认证和密钥协商设计方案。该方案可以在终端接入移动公网的基础上,实现通信双方端到端的相互认证,同时协商出独立于网络的密钥。性能分析表明,该方案结构简单,安全高效,符合移动通信系统的要求。     

增强型并行口（EPP）设计原理

本文介绍了增强型并行口（EPP）的设计原理，从5个方面论述了设计过程，包括EPP模式的设计与其地址的选择、逻辑界面、EPP协议信号定义及读写周期，EPP寄存器接口，EPP的硬件连接等几个方面。     

The characteristics and development of the Swiss franc repurchase agreement market

With the reinterpretation of repurchase agreements (repos) by the tax authority and the revision of the national bank law in 1997, allowing the Swiss national bank (SNB) to use repos as monetary policy instrument, the prerequisites for the development of a Swiss franc repo market were given. The development of the repo market in Switzerland only came up in 1999 with the provision of an integrated trading and settlement system provided by SegaInterSettle AG (SIS), Eurex and Swiss Interbank Clearing (SIC) in collaboration with the SNB. The following paper provides an overview of the basic characteristics and structure of the Swiss franc repo market as well as of the development it has undergone since 1999. It also discusses what motives and reasons the banks possess to actively participate in the Swiss franc repo market. The content of the publication is the sole responsibility of the author and does not necessarily reflect the views of Credit Suisse.     

AGREEMENT ON A TWO–POINT SCALE

Consider m observers each classifying n objects into one of two disjoint categories. The problem of measuring agreement among m observers is discussed. A new approach, based on a specific parametric model, is recommended. The approach is applied to data on agreement in judging biopsy slides.     

中国视角:收入来源国与跨国公司的税收博弈

跨国公司经济实力强大、现代企业制度完备、经营结构合理、享有垄断与内部化优势.跨国公司全球范围内追求集团利益最大化,内部管理的高效率、信息沟通的高科技,以及对税收筹划的高度重视,都对收入来源国提出了严峻挑战.跨国公司在中国发展迅速,也存在大量的避税问题.中国已经开展了20年的反避税工作,但在制度建设以及针对跨国公司避税特点采取强力度措施方面进展不够.新的两税合一的<企业所得税法>及其<实施条例>,以及预约定价制度是重大进步,但要很好地贯彻执行还需做出多方面的努力.     

羊水过少281例临床分析

目的:探讨羊水过少的原因及其对母婴的影响。方法:孕妇回顾性分析我院2004年1月至2008年6月收治的281例羊水过少患者作为观察对象,随机抽取281例同期羊水量正常的孕妇作为对照组,对两组产妇的临床资料进行分析。结果:羊水过少高发于37～39+6孕周,占73.3%(206/281)。妊娠合并高血压疾病、胎儿生长受限(FGR)、初产妇是羊水过少相关因素(P<0.05)。羊水过少组出现胎儿宫内窘迫、胎儿生长受限、新生儿窒息、新生儿转科发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),羊水过少组新生儿出生评分明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。B超对羊水量的估计准确率达90.4%(254/281),是发现羊水过少简单实用的方法。结论:羊水过少对母婴有不良影响,确诊后应及时终止妊娠。     

以风险协议为框架的化工措施管理机制探索与实践

以西方经济学中的代理理论为基础．建立了一套以风险协议为框架、对化工措施全过程进行控制的管理机制和相应的保证体系，提高了化工措施现场实施的成功率和有效率。     

An assessment and ranking of barriers to doing environmental business with China

The transfer of environmental goods and services to China will increasingly be of importance to developed nations as the demand for environmental management services increases in China. A review of the literature on technology transfer to China revealed a range of well recognized and commonly known constraints to transferring technologies to China. There were gaps in the literature in relation to the concerns that environmental professionals have regarding technology transfer to China, as there is limited information on the transfer in environmental goods and services to China. A survey of the non‐trade barriers and their practical impact on the transfer of environmental technologies and goods and services to China, focusing on Australian suppliers, was undertaken to address these gaps. The survey, which was developed from barriers to technology transfer already described in the extensive research addressing the wider issues of technology transfer to China, targeted environmental professionals but also included other professionals with interests in transferring environmental goods and services to China. From the survey, the highest priority barriers to transferring environmental goods and service to China were identified, and those that are most likely to limit Australian vendors of environmental goods and services in their technology transfers to China were protection of intellectual property (IP), limitations of the rule of law, fragmentation and bureaucracy of the Chinese government and establishing appropriate level of ownership (of environmental goods and services providers in China). Examples of Australian experience were also examined, which confirmed these barriers to providing the needed technology and innovation to manage China's increasing environmental impacts. The research also shows that the barriers identified do not appear to be unique to transfer of environmental goods and services but rather generic to the transfer and adoption of Australian technology into China. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.